What privileges are necessary to query a table in Snowflake?

To successfully query a table in Snowflake, it is essential to have all three privileges: USAGE on the database, USAGE on the schema, and SELECT on the table itself.

Granting USAGE on the database allows the user to access the database and its objects. Without this privilege, the user wouldn't be able to interact with any tables contained within the database.

Granting USAGE on the schema is also crucial, as it provides the user with the ability to access the schema in which the table resides. The schema serves as a container for tables, views, and other database objects. Without this privilege, the user cannot reference any objects within that schema, including the table needed for the query.

Finally, granting SELECT on the table is the necessary privilege that specifically allows the user to perform SELECT operations, which include querying data from that table. This privilege directly controls access to the data within the table.

Without obtaining all of these privileges, a user would be unable to execute a query on a table in Snowflake due to insufficient access rights at each layer—database, schema, and table. Therefore, all three privileges are necessary to enable querying functionality in Snowflake effectively.